Politeness Strategies Used by Speakers of Sahap Simalungun (SS) in Kecamatan Raya

Abstract

The objectives of the study are to identify types of Politeness strategies, the realization of strategies in Simalungunese and reasons of politeness strategies used by speakers of Siporkas. The approach in this study are based on Politeness theory by Brown and Levinson (1987); bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness and off-record strategy. The method of this research employed qualitative design. The subjects or the data source are taken from the natural setting of people who live and grown in Simalungun who use Sahap Simalungun in daily conversations. All written data are the transcriptions of recorded observation and interview. The data are taken from observation using audio visual recorder. The finding prove that four types of Politeness strategies are applied by the speakers of Siporkas. The Simalungunese in Siporkas expresses their politeness using address terms/kinship forms and pronouns, using particles, deference and fluctuation of intonation, selecting words, using metaphor and indirect speech. Sahap Simalungun applies the four types of politeness in their interaction. Nine types of fifteen politeness strategies are applied based Brown and Levinson’s theory. The reasons are culture and ideology of Simalungun to make both Speaker and Hearer getting closer each other to build a good relationship.